Question 1
Before the starting signal A establishes an overlap to leeward of X from clear astern. After the starting signal both boats continue on starboard tack, and at all times X is keeping clear. About one minute after starting A is beginning to draw ahead, although the boats are still overlapped. A heels to windward and luffs above close-hauled. X protests. What should the call be?

Answer 1
A established her overlap from clear astern, and therefore breaks rule 17.1 by sailing above close-hauled after the starting signal. Penalize A.
However if A heels to windward to slow X, without changing course, she breaks no rule.